Chilblains are characterized by which of the following symptoms?

• A. Pale, hard skin
• B. Redness and swelling in extremities
• C. Severe blisters on skin
• D. Cold, numbing skin

Answer: (B)

Chilblains are a condition resulting from an abnormal reaction to cold, typically manifesting as redness and swelling in the affected areas, primarily the fingers and toes. This reaction occurs when the skin is exposed to cold temperatures and then warmed too quickly, leading to inflammation. In contrast to extreme frostbite, chilblains are more about the skin reacting to cold and warmth rather than resulting in major tissue damage. The hallmark signs include itching, burning sensations, and the discoloration of the skin ranging from red to purple. Understanding these symptoms aids in differentiating chilblains from other cold-related injuries, ensuring proper care and treatment can be provided.