In children aged 4-10 years, what condition is characterized by avascular necrosis of the femoral head?

• A. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
• B. Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease
• C. Osteochondritis dissecans
• D. Osteosarcoma

Answer: (B)

Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease is a condition that specifically affects the hip in children aged 4-10 years and is indeed characterized by avascular necrosis of the femoral head. This condition occurs when the blood supply to the femoral head is temporarily disrupted, leading to the death of bone cells in that area. As a result, the femoral head loses its normal shape and can lead to pain, limited range of motion, and potential long-term complications if not addressed.

The unique aspect of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease is that it typically presents in young children, with symptoms such as limping and hip pain. Early diagnosis and intervention are critical, as the disease can result in significant long-term joint problems if left untreated. The ability for the femoral head to revascularize and remodel over time often makes this condition different from other hip-related issues that can occur in children. This context is what makes Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease the correct and most relevant choice in this scenario.