Which immune response involves the use of T-cells for recognizing and destroying infected cells?

• A. Humoral immune response
• B. Autoimmune response
• C. Cell-mediated response
• D. Nonspecific immune response

Answer: (C)

The cell-mediated response is critical for targeting and eliminating cells that are infected by pathogens, particularly viruses and some intracellular bacteria. This immune response relies heavily on T-cells, specifically cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), which are equipped to recognize antigens presented on the surface of infected cells. Upon recognition, these T-cells can directly kill the infected cells, thereby helping to control and eliminate the infection.

In contrast, the humoral immune response primarily focuses on B-cells and the production of antibodies to neutralize pathogens circulating in body fluids, rather than targeting infected cells directly. The autoimmune response involves the immune system mistakenly attacking the body’s own healthy cells, which is not about the destruction of infected cells but rather a breakdown of self-tolerance. Lastly, the nonspecific immune response provides general defense mechanisms, like physical barriers and phagocytic activity, but it does not involve the targeted and specific action of T-cells against infected cells. This specificity is a hallmark of the cell-mediated response, solidifying its role in combating infections at the cellular level.